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Abdominal Cancer

What is Abdominal Cancer?

Abdominal cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells anywhere in the abdomen, the area between the lower chest and the groin. The abdomen consists of many organs, including the stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, esophagus, and numerous blood vessels. Abdominal cancer is a general term for a variety of cancers.

Common forms of Abdominal Cancers include:

  • Colorectal Cancer
  • Liver Cancer
  • Pancreatic Cancer
  • Kidney Cancer (Renal Cell Cancer)
  • Stomach Cancer (Gastric Cancer)

Rare forms of Abdominal cancer include:

  • Adrenocortical cancer (cancer of the adrenal glands, a pair of organs that produce hormones)
  • Primary peritoneal cancer (cancer of the lining of the inside of the abdomen that covers many abdominal organs)
  • Peritoneal mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the inside of the abdomen that is caused by exposure to asbestos)
abdominal_cancer

What are the symptoms of Abdominal Cancer?

General Symptoms of abdominal cancer can be similar to symptoms of other conditions. These symptoms include:

  • Abdominal pain
  • Fatigue
  • Fever
  • Itchy skin
  • Loss of appetite
  • Night sweats
  • Weight loss
  • Abdominal mass or swelling
  • Anemia
  • Hematuria (bloody urine)
  • Jaundice (a yellowing of the skin)
  • Pallor (very pale skin)
  • Shortness of breath

What causes Abdominal Cancer?

Abdominal cancer occurs when old or damaged cells divide and multiply uncontrollably. The underlying cause of this varies depending on the specific form of cancer. For example:

  • Colorectal ancer commonly develops from adenomatous intestinal polyps in the colon that are not removed while still benign.
  • Liver Cancer is often caused by certain types of liver disease, often chronic hepatitis B or C infection or alcoholism. Liver cancer can also be caused by another cancer in the body that spreads to the liver.
  • Stomach Cancer is linked to significant risk factors but the exact cause is not known.
  • Pancreatic Cancer is linked to significant risk factors but the exact cause is not known.
  • Renal Cancer is not linked to a specific risk factor in most cases.
  • Peritoneal mesothelioma, or Cancer of the lining of the inside of the abdomen, is caused by exposure to asbestos.

What are the risk factors for abdominal cancer?

Risk factors for abdominal cancer include:

  1. Adenomatous intestinal polyps that are not removed while still benign (noncancerous)
  2. Advancing age, especially older than 50 years
  3. Alcoholism or heavy alcohol ingestion
  4. Chronic hepatitis B or C infection
  5. Chronic pancreatitis
  6. Diabetes
  7. Eating a high-fat, low-fiber diet or a diet that is high in salty and smoked foods
  8. Bacterial infection with Helicobacter pylori
  9. Obesity
  10. Personal history of cancer or family history of abdominal cancer
  11. Smoking
  12. Ulcerative colitis

How is Abdominal Cancer treated?

Treatment of Abdominal Cancer begins with seeking regular medical care throughout your life. Regular medical care allows a health care professional to best provide early screening tests, such as digital exams and fecal occult blood tests.
Abdominal Cancer treatment may include some combination of the following:

  • Chemotherapy
  • Dietary counselling to help people with cancer maintain their strength and nutritional status
  • Pain medications
  • Palliative care to improve the overall quality of life for families and patients with serious diseases
  • Participation in a clinical trial to test promising new therapies and treatments for abdominal cancer
  • Physical therapy to help strengthen the body, increase alertness, reduce fatigue, and improve functional ability during and after cancer treatment
  • Radiation therapy
  • Surgery to remove a cancerous tumor or to treat certain complications of abdominal cancer, such as an intestinal obstruction
  • Targeted molecular therapy for specific tumors harbouring required gene mutations
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